The role of the gut microbiome in the healthy adult status
- Authors:D'Argenio V, Salvatore F.
- Publication Date:May 29, 2020
- Type:Journals
- DOL:10.1016/j.hfc.2018.03.008.
- Publication On:Heart Fail Clin.
- Volume/Issue:14/(3)
Abstract
Within the last years, exercise training and rehabilitation as add-on to medical treatment has become an emerging field in pulmonary hypertension. Owing to the beneficial effects of exercise training in pulmonary hypertension, the new European Respiratory Society/European Society of Cardiology guidelines for pulmonary hypertension recommended a supervised and closely monitored exercise and respiratory training/rehabilitation as add-on to medical therapy (class IIa, level of evidence B). In this article, different training modalities, effects of exercise training, possible pathobiological mechanisms of action, and future research questions are discussed.
Keywords:
Exercise training, Pulmonary arterial hypertension, Pulmonary hypertension; Rehabilitation, Training effectsfigures
Fig. 0 Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse
Fig. 1 Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse
Fig. 2 Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse
References
- Cashman K.D. Vitamin D requirements for the future-lessons learned and charting a path forward. Nutrients. 2018;10:533 doi: 10.3390/nu10050533. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
- Cashman K.D., Ritz C., Kiely M. Odin Collaborators. Improved dietary guidelines for vitamin D: Application of Individual Participant Data (IPD)-level meta-regression analyses. Nutrients. 2017;9:469 doi: 10.3390/nu9050469. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
- Pilz S., März W., Cashman K.D., Kiely M.E., Whiting S.J., Holick M.F., Grant W.B., Pludowski P., Hiligsmann M., Trummer C., et al. Rationale and plan for vitamin D food fortification: A review and guidance paper. Front. Endocrinol. 2018;9:373. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00373. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
- Pilz S., Trummer C., Pandis M., Schwetz V., Aberer F., Grübler M., Verheyen N., Tomaschitz A., März W. Vitamin D: Current guidelines and future outlook. Anticancer Res. 2018;38:1145–1151. - PubMed
- Cashman K.D. Vitamin D requirements for the future-lessons learned and charting a path forward. Nutrients. 2018;10:533 doi: 10.3390/nu10050533. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
- Cashman K.D., Ritz C., Kiely M. Odin Collaborators. Improved dietary guidelines for vitamin D: Application of Individual Participant Data (IPD)-level meta-regression analyses. Nutrients. 2017;9:469 doi: 10.3390/nu9050469. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
- Pilz S., März W., Cashman K.D., Kiely M.E., Whiting S.J., Holick M.F., Grant W.B., Pludowski P., Hiligsmann M., Trummer C., et al. Rationale and plan for vitamin D food fortification: A review and guidance paper. Front. Endocrinol. 2018;9:373. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00373. - DOI - PMC - PubMed